{"id":59,"date":"2026-09-24T11:18:54","date_gmt":"2026-09-24T11:18:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/danielsh.es\/index.php\/2026\/09\/24\/guia-securizacion-servidor-linux-hardening\/"},"modified":"2026-09-24T11:18:54","modified_gmt":"2026-09-24T11:18:54","slug":"guia-securizacion-servidor-linux-hardening","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/danielsh.es\/index.php\/2026\/09\/24\/guia-securizacion-servidor-linux-hardening\/","title":{"rendered":"Gu\u00eda de Securizaci\u00f3n Inicial de un Servidor Linux (Hardening)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:1.15rem;line-height:1.7\">El proceso de securizaci\u00f3n inicial (o <strong>hardening<\/strong>) es el primer paso obligatorio al poner en marcha un nuevo servidor Linux en cualquier infraestructura, ya sea en un entorno de pruebas o en producci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Actualizaci\u00f3n Completa del Sistema<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo apt update &amp;&amp; sudo apt upgrade -y\nsudo apt autoremove -y &amp;&amp; sudo apt clean<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Creaci\u00f3n de Usuario no privilegiado con sudo<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>adduser sysadmin\nusermod -aG sudo sysadmin<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Securizaci\u00f3n de SSH con Claves ED25519<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Generamos un par de claves seguras en nuestro equipo cliente y deshabilitamos la autenticaci\u00f3n por contrase\u00f1a y el acceso directo de root en <code>\/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/code>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>PermitRootLogin no\nPasswordAuthentication no\nPubkeyAuthentication yes\nX11Forwarding no\nMaxAuthTries 3<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Configuraci\u00f3n del Cortafuegos UFW y Fail2ban<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo ufw default deny incoming\nsudo ufw default allow outgoing\nsudo ufw allow 22\/tcp\nsudo ufw enable\n\nsudo apt install fail2ban -y\nsudo systemctl enable --now fail2ban<\/code><\/pre>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>El proceso de securizaci\u00f3n inicial (o hardening) es el primer paso obligatorio al poner en marcha un nuevo servidor Linux en cualquier infraestructura, ya sea en un entorno de pruebas o en producci\u00f3n. 1. Actualizaci\u00f3n Completa del Sistema 2. Creaci\u00f3n de Usuario no privilegiado con sudo 3. Securizaci\u00f3n de SSH con Claves ED25519 Generamos un [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,4,5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-59","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-apuntes-asir","category-linux-sysadmin","category-seguridad-firewall"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/danielsh.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/danielsh.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/danielsh.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/danielsh.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/danielsh.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=59"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/danielsh.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/danielsh.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=59"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/danielsh.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=59"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/danielsh.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=59"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}