{"id":62,"date":"2026-09-24T11:18:57","date_gmt":"2026-09-24T11:18:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/danielsh.es\/index.php\/2026\/09\/24\/guia-subnetting-vlsm-ipv4-ejemplos-resueltos\/"},"modified":"2026-09-24T11:18:57","modified_gmt":"2026-09-24T11:18:57","slug":"guia-subnetting-vlsm-ipv4-ejemplos-resueltos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/danielsh.es\/index.php\/2026\/09\/24\/guia-subnetting-vlsm-ipv4-ejemplos-resueltos\/","title":{"rendered":"Gu\u00eda de Subnetting VLSM y C\u00e1lculo de M\u00e1scaras en IPv4 con Ejemplos Reales"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

El direccionamiento VLSM (Variable Length Subnet Masking)<\/strong> es una de las competencias centrales en el curr\u00edculo de ASIR<\/strong> (Planificaci\u00f3n y Administraci\u00f3n de Redes). Permite optimizar el espacio de direcciones IPv4 asignando m\u00e1scaras de longitud variable adaptadas exactamente a las necesidades de cada departamento o subred.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Principio Fundamental de VLSM<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A diferencia del subnetting tradicional de longitud fija (FLSM), con VLSM ordenamos los requerimientos de mayor a menor n\u00famero de hosts necesarios para evitar el solapamiento de rangos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n \n
  • F\u00f3rmula de hosts:<\/strong> 2^h - 2 >= Hosts requeridos<\/code> (restando Red y Broadcast).<\/li>\n \n \n
  • M\u00e1scara resultante:<\/strong> \/prefijo = 32 - h<\/code> bits de host.<\/li>\n \n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    2. Ejemplo de C\u00e1lculo Pr\u00e1ctico<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Partiendo del bloque 192.168.10.0\/24<\/code>, necesitamos satisfacer tres departamentos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Subred<\/th>Hosts Necesarios<\/th>Bits de Host (h)<\/th>Prefijo CIDR<\/th>Direcci\u00f3n de Red<\/th>Rango \u00datil<\/th>Broadcast<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
    VLAN 10 (Servidores)<\/strong><\/td>50 hosts<\/td>h=6 (2^6-2 = 62)<\/td>\/26<\/code> (255.255.255.192)<\/td>192.168.10.0<\/td>192.168.10.1 – 192.168.10.62<\/td>192.168.10.63<\/td><\/tr>
    VLAN 20 (Oficina)<\/strong><\/td>25 hosts<\/td>h=5 (2^5-2 = 30)<\/td>\/27<\/code> (255.255.255.224)<\/td>192.168.10.64<\/td>192.168.10.65 – 192.168.10.94<\/td>192.168.10.95<\/td><\/tr>
    VLAN 30 (Gesti\u00f3n)<\/strong><\/td>10 hosts<\/td>h=4 (2^4-2 = 14)<\/td>\/28<\/code> (255.255.255.240)<\/td>192.168.10.96<\/td>192.168.10.97 – 192.168.10.110<\/td>192.168.10.111<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    El direccionamiento VLSM (Variable Length Subnet Masking) es una de las competencias centrales en el curr\u00edculo de ASIR (Planificaci\u00f3n y Administraci\u00f3n de Redes). Permite optimizar el espacio de direcciones IPv4 asignando m\u00e1scaras de longitud variable adaptadas exactamente a las necesidades de cada departamento o subred. 1. Principio Fundamental de VLSM A diferencia del subnetting tradicional […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-62","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-apuntes-asir","category-redes-conectividad"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/danielsh.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/danielsh.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/danielsh.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/danielsh.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/danielsh.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=62"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/danielsh.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/danielsh.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=62"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/danielsh.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=62"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/danielsh.es\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=62"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}